玛雅人的长脑壳，是在模仿外星人吗？

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发布于：2021年6月24日

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玛雅人的长脑壳，是在模仿外星人吗？

原创马来之貘物种日历

物种日历

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                          <span class="profile_meta_value">世界上的生物只有两种——已经出现在物种日历的，以及将要出现在物种日历的。这里既有萌点奇怪的『冷知识』，也有丰富『走心』的自然科普。每天一物种，带你看世界。</span>
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src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/XsIwRJdqcdspPaVa5mOkiaywpGMWQVAMSmoiaGesJCgoAR6HwcmNZwOTnLudbciboEvqKPdvTSBm3b5iakNNHdfMzQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"></section></section><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="line-height: 1.6;color: rgb(52, 52, 52);padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(204, 204, 204);box-sizing: border-box;">被人工改变形状的头骨图画，来自Two Years in Peru, with Exploration of Its Antiquities一书 | Wikimedia Commons</span></p></section></section><section style="margin: 50px 0% 30px;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;line-height: 0;width: 1.6em;margin-right: -0.8em;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1" data-src="https://3-im.guokr.com/YE0j7DXQtDe-rFRUWCDvTid2Yz5HeNPB0lW33gFmzMaWAAAAlgAAAFBO.png" data-type="png" data-w="150" style="vertical-align: middle;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" src="https://3-im.guokr.com/YE0j7DXQtDe-rFRUWCDvTid2Yz5HeNPB0lW33gFmzMaWAAAAlgAAAFBO.png" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"></section><section style="border-radius: 5px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;border-color: rgb(223, 222, 247);border-bottom-style: dashed;border-bottom-width: 1px;padding-left: 1em;padding-right: 2px;line-height: 1.2em;color: rgb(71, 193, 168);font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">变成“竹笋”的脑壳</p></section></section></section><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="line-height: 2;color: rgb(52, 52, 52);padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">瘦长头骨的标本在墨西哥城的国立人类学博物馆，以及梅利达（Merida）和圣米格尔（San Miguel）的博物馆中都能找到，可惜笔者才疏学浅，找不到那些标本的出土信息。好在1994年在帕伦克（Palenque）遗址第13号神庙出土的<span style="color: rgb(79, 176, 167);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">红王后</strong></span>（Red Queen of Palenque）履历清楚，拿来举例子再好不过。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">红王后得名是因为她的遗体被和大量朱砂一起下葬，出土时的骨骼被染上了红色。这位大约生活在公元600-700年的贵族女性，被推测为帕伦克的巴加尔大帝（Pakal the great）的妻子。从解剖学的角度看，红王后的突出特点是<span style="color: rgb(79, 176, 167);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">头骨变形</strong></span>：她的头骨上半部被严重地拉长，<span style="color: rgb(79, 176, 167);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">额头都快有脸那么长了</strong></span>；相对应的头骨的横向尺寸被压缩，如果把正常人的头骨比作圆蘑菇的话，红王后的头骨成了又尖又长的竹笋；最后，她的额头被压成了一面平滑的斜坡。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"></p></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.66625" data-src="https://2-im.guokr.com/hLgEzzvRP_pkB4oAZzCNsHo7ULwgDi_Boe3hHBFAs6sgAwAAFQIAAEpQ.jpg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="800" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;" src="https://2-im.guokr.com/hLgEzzvRP_pkB4oAZzCNsHo7ULwgDi_Boe3hHBFAs6sgAwAAFQIAAEpQ.jpg?imageView2/1/w/555/h/369" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"></section></section><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="line-height: 1.6;color: rgb(52, 52, 52);padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(204, 204, 204);box-sizing: border-box;">顺便一提，她戴着绿松石面具，让人不禁发出“人的力量是有限的，我不做人啦！”的感慨 | ProtoplasmaKid / Wikimedia Commons</span></p></section></section><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="line-height: 2;color: rgb(52, 52, 52);padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">头骨的形状虽然奇怪，但我们可以确定这是人工产物，技术还被欧洲殖民者记录了下来。美洲的头骨塑形有两个流派，一个是板状塑形——<span style="color: rgb(79, 176, 167);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">用木板或其他东西来压缩婴儿的头骨</strong></span>。如果将一块平板放在孩子的头上，并将其绑好，就会使孩子的额头变平。如果孩子的头被放置在两个板之间，一个在前面，另一个在后面，再绑到一起，得到的将是横向变宽、纵向变长的头骨。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">Garcilaso de la Vega记录了秘鲁某些地区居民使头骨变形的方法。他说：“从出生起，他们就把孩子的头盖骨压在绑在一起的两块木板上，他们每天都收紧一些……三年后，一个孩子的头骨完全变形，他们才拆掉了这个装置。”与板状塑形相对应的是圆周塑形，部分美洲人<span style="color: rgb(79, 176, 167);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">用布带包裹在头骨周围</strong></span>并不断收紧，迫使它直立生长，同时减小了头骨的直径。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"></p></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1.215" data-src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/XsIwRJdqcdspPaVa5mOkiaywpGMWQVAMSeTgxYzZXzdlG7wF4OgfbHrTrX54n9S8NL2Mt7l0OEl4bLcDLz78zBQ/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="800" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;" src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/XsIwRJdqcdspPaVa5mOkiaywpGMWQVAMSeTgxYzZXzdlG7wF4OgfbHrTrX54n9S8NL2Mt7l0OEl4bLcDLz78zBQ/640?wx_fmt=png" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"></section></section><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="line-height: 1.6;color: rgb(52, 52, 52);padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(204, 204, 204);box-sizing: border-box;">美洲原住民使用人工手段改变头骨的形状，来自Twenty years before the mast一书 | Wikimedia Commons</span></p></section></section><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="line-height: 2;color: rgb(52, 52, 52);padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">虽然头骨塑形的成果触目惊心，但是这种行为在中南美洲分布极为广泛，学者测量了来自122个玛雅遗址中的1600颗头骨，发现其中的<span style="color: rgb(79, 176, 167);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">90%都被塑过形</strong></span>。以至于在1585年，教会就下令在美洲禁止这种头骨塑形行为（然而没用，现在多米尼加和秘鲁还能见到经过头骨塑形的活人）。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">从出土骨骼的记录来看，在智利、阿根廷、玻利维亚和秘鲁都发现了瘦长头骨，特别是对秘鲁帕拉卡斯（Paracas）半岛的考古发掘中，发现了一批<span style="color: rgb(79, 176, 167);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">极端拉长的头骨</strong></span>，脑颅部分几乎要占整个头骨的2/3，相关的标本收藏在纳斯卡的Ica博物馆，去看地画的时候可以顺道看一下。</p></section></section><section style="margin: 50px 0% 30px;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;line-height: 0;width: 1.6em;margin-right: -0.8em;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1" data-src="https://3-im.guokr.com/XHgpLg81ZRBtfA3miQySKn3yFBZRgkF_203-ex-pWC6WAAAAlgAAAFBO.png" data-type="png" data-w="150" style="vertical-align: middle;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" src="https://3-im.guokr.com/XHgpLg81ZRBtfA3miQySKn3yFBZRgkF_203-ex-pWC6WAAAAlgAAAFBO.png" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"></section><section style="border-radius: 5px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;border-color: rgb(223, 222, 247);border-bottom-style: dashed;border-bottom-width: 1px;padding-left: 1em;padding-right: 2px;line-height: 1.2em;color: rgb(71, 193, 168);font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">脑瓜越长越尊贵？</p></section></section></section><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="line-height: 2;color: rgb(52, 52, 52);padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">有神秘学人士认为，印第安人的头骨塑形习俗，是因为他们见到过大脑壳的<span style="color: rgb(79, 176, 167);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">外星人</strong></span>，所以见贤思齐，给脑组织搞一次跑羊驼圈地（印第安人到达美洲的时候当地的马已经灭绝了）。当然这仅仅是无稽之谈。顺便一提，玛雅人习惯在小孩子前面拴上小东西，引导小孩子成为斗鸡眼，让人怀疑<span style="color: rgb(79, 176, 167);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">外星的显示设备到底是什么样子的</strong></span>。玛雅人还有个习俗是把门齿之外的牙齿牙冠剪掉一截，搞成个人工龅牙的样子……</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"></p></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.9523052" data-src="https://2-im.guokr.com/ONUNs0kUuG6nKSilH-Ht5p-PXgAtYsMrT6u5hovoAYZ1AgAAVwIAAEpQ.jpg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="629" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;" src="https://2-im.guokr.com/ONUNs0kUuG6nKSilH-Ht5p-PXgAtYsMrT6u5hovoAYZ1AgAAVwIAAEpQ.jpg?imageView2/1/w/555/h/528" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"></section></section><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="line-height: 1.6;color: rgb(52, 52, 52);padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(204, 204, 204);box-sizing: border-box;">秘鲁纳斯卡区出土的变形头骨 | Didier Descouens / Wikimedia Commons</span></p></section></section><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="line-height: 2;color: rgb(52, 52, 52);padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">除了中南美洲，还有很多地方有<span style="color: rgb(79, 176, 167);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">头骨塑形的习俗</strong></span>，比如大名鼎鼎的匈人，在中欧和东欧出土了不少五世纪六世纪的瘦长头骨，都被认为是受到匈人的影响。希波克拉底在《论空气、水和环境》一书中则记载了埃及人拉长头骨的习俗。最令人意外的是，在伊拉克Shanidar发现的4.5~3.5万年前的尼安德特人遗址中，也发现有颗头骨存在拉长的迹象。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"></p></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.6925" data-src="https://3-im.guokr.com/VfcFrjVXFZsQiIyg3v-WnOjyMndpWMr8nrs-hWdgHHAgAwAAKgIAAEpQ.jpg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="800" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;" src="https://3-im.guokr.com/VfcFrjVXFZsQiIyg3v-WnOjyMndpWMr8nrs-hWdgHHAgAwAAKgIAAEpQ.jpg?imageView2/1/w/555/h/384" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"></section></section><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="line-height: 1.6;color: rgb(52, 52, 52);padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(204, 204, 204);box-sizing: border-box;">在周围固定而塑形的变形头骨，来自瓦努阿图（Vanuatu Republic），将头骨变形的习俗不仅限于中南美洲 | Wikimedia Commons</span></p></section></section><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="line-height: 2;color: rgb(52, 52, 52);padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">关于头骨塑形的动机，有多种不同说法，有的说美洲人是在模仿美洲豹，有的说是为了家族身份的识别，还有的说是为了祈祷生育顺利。在中美洲和秘鲁，都有<span style="color: rgb(79, 176, 167);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">头骨塑形是神谕</strong></span>的说法，而从考古学证据看来，头骨拉长越严重的人，墓葬越豪华。可见在过去头骨塑形是<span style="color: rgb(79, 176, 167);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">有身份的人</strong></span>才能享受的，或许就是某位上古的酋长，长了颗长脑壳，结果由他开始形成了崇尚甚至崇拜长脑壳的习俗。</p></section></section><section style="margin: 50px 0% 30px;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;line-height: 0;width: 1.6em;margin-right: -0.8em;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1" data-src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/XsIwRJdqcdspPaVa5mOkiaywpGMWQVAMSwn4CYAqcGIXO2YYGG5GQmibTzYv9ygSia4uz4XFIfUIbpL7AaHHa5ocQ/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="150" style="vertical-align: middle;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/XsIwRJdqcdspPaVa5mOkiaywpGMWQVAMSwn4CYAqcGIXO2YYGG5GQmibTzYv9ygSia4uz4XFIfUIbpL7AaHHa5ocQ/640?wx_fmt=png" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"></section><section style="border-radius: 5px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;border-color: rgb(223, 222, 247);border-bottom-style: dashed;border-bottom-width: 1px;padding-left: 1em;padding-right: 2px;line-height: 1.2em;color: rgb(71, 193, 168);font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">“人中之驴”和“异相”</p></section></section></section><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="line-height: 2;color: rgb(52, 52, 52);padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">埃及第十八王朝有位阿肯那顿（Akhenaten）法老，他的雕像外貌让人印象最深刻的一点，就是<span style="color: rgb(79, 176, 167);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">可以用漫长来形容的脸</strong></span>，这个面相属于人中之驴！</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">1907年考古学家在国王谷发现了一家子木乃伊，其中一具在2010年被鉴定为阿肯那顿本人，不过就算有偏差，根据同批发现的两位公主的遗体，以及图坦卡蒙自己的瘦长颅骨，也能推测阿肯那顿的真容。阿肯那顿的瘦长头骨不是人工塑造的，科学家推测他患有马凡氏综合征，这是一种<span style="color: rgb(79, 176, 167);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">常染色体显性遗传病</strong></span>，患病特征为四肢、手指、脚趾细长不匀称，身高明显超出常人，伴有心血管系统异常，特别是合并的心脏瓣膜异常和主动脉瘤。患有马凡氏综合征的面部特征之一，就是<span style="color: rgb(79, 176, 167);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">长而窄的头骨</strong></span>。这个情况，或许能给上文“长脑壳”的推断做个参考吧。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"></p></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1.33375" data-src="https://1-im.guokr.com/1yajYLzv4xhgO9mluvaAg6oSlXlF5MtT2H1zlM7Ngk8gAwAAKwQAAEpQ.jpg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="800" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;" src="https://1-im.guokr.com/1yajYLzv4xhgO9mluvaAg6oSlXlF5MtT2H1zlM7Ngk8gAwAAKwQAAEpQ.jpg?imageView2/1/w/555/h/740" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"></section></section><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="line-height: 1.6;color: rgb(52, 52, 52);padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(204, 204, 204);box-sizing: border-box;">阿肯那顿法老的“长驴脸” | Wikimedia Commons</span></p></section></section><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="line-height: 2;color: rgb(52, 52, 52);padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">中国古代也有<span style="color: rgb(79, 176, 167);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">圣贤、君主天生异相</strong></span>的说法，说书人常说君主“尧眉舜目，禹背汤肩”，“尧眉分八彩，舜目有重瞳。耳有三漏，大禹之奇形；臂有四肘，成汤之异体”，这要是严格对应，君主就成了《巴黎圣母院》的卡西莫多了。除此之外，昭烈皇帝刘备“两耳垂肩，双手过膝”，晋武帝司马炎“发长委地，两手过膝”，项羽和南唐后主李煜的重瞳，还有唐高祖李渊的1个副乳都是史书记载的异象。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">头骨塑形是可能导致<span style="color: rgb(79, 176, 167);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">智力问题和癫痫</strong></span>的，有学者推测，在头骨塑形领域的“内卷”制造了一批废人，这是玛雅文明盛极而衰的原因之一。楚王好细腰，宫中多饿死并不是只存在于书中的典故，社会舆论，特别是各类权威的诱导，在改变人的审美的同时，也可能<span style="color: rgb(79, 176, 167);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">直接影响人的健康</strong></span>，直到今天，这种力量都是存在的。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"></p></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.8083333" data-src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/XsIwRJdqcdspPaVa5mOkiaywpGMWQVAMS9mjTUFjpe35yXbEkn49ATjVFCpArYhq2d0icibbh1mPVicmNZgQGPhpmA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="600" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;" src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/XsIwRJdqcdspPaVa5mOkiaywpGMWQVAMS9mjTUFjpe35yXbEkn49ATjVFCpArYhq2d0icibbh1mPVicmNZgQGPhpmA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"></section></section><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="line-height: 1.6;color: rgb(52, 52, 52);padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(204, 204, 204);box-sizing: border-box;">描绘紧身束腰（tightlacing）令人“折腰”的漫画，19世纪流行的紧身束腰，可能导致相当大的生理伤害，如今也有束腰过紧导致受伤的新闻 | Wikimedia Commons</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br></p></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.349" data-src="https://2-im.guokr.com/FrqcubFZt6KT-b7-61qpeMvB7XCqmvZzHQ-8Q0rPJyLoAwAAXQEAAEpQ.jpg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1000" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;" src="https://2-im.guokr.com/FrqcubFZt6KT-b7-61qpeMvB7XCqmvZzHQ-8Q0rPJyLoAwAAXQEAAEpQ.jpg?imageView2/1/w/555/h/193" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"></section></section><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-bottom: 10px;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="font-size: 14px;text-align: center;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(79, 176, 167);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">头颅的故事</strong></p></section></section><a title="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzA5MjMzOTY4Mw==&mid=2652987151&idx=1&sn=b7387d88188e283299419355551fb7b8&scene=21#wechat_redirect" formlinkparm=""https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzA5MjMzOTY4Mw==&mid=2652987151&idx=1&sn=b7387d88188e283299419355551fb7b8&scene=21#wechat_redirect"" href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzA5MjMzOTY4Mw==&mid=2652987151&idx=1&sn=b7387d88188e283299419355551fb7b8&scene=21#wechat_redirect" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us" data-linktype="2"><section opera-tn-ra-link-data=""https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/dd7WCizfDvAKdVv9qdDOYQ"" style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 14px;text-align: center;line-height: 1.5;letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(79, 176, 167);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">残酷的鹤顶红佛珠</p></section></section></a><a title="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzA5MjMzOTY4Mw==&mid=2652985021&idx=1&sn=8ed7e7cb073ecbe95308fc5ad1b95039&scene=21#wechat_redirect" formlinkparm=""https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzA5MjMzOTY4Mw==&mid=2652985021&idx=1&sn=8ed7e7cb073ecbe95308fc5ad1b95039&scene=21#wechat_redirect"" href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzA5MjMzOTY4Mw==&mid=2652985021&idx=1&sn=8ed7e7cb073ecbe95308fc5ad1b95039&scene=21#wechat_redirect" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us" data-linktype="2"><section opera-tn-ra-link-data=""https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/o-7Lmzx0ubZ9SDFjCgtAxw"" style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 14px;text-align: center;line-height: 1.5;letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(79, 176, 167);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">大象怎么成了巨人</p></section></section></a><a title="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzA5MjMzOTY4Mw==&mid=2653038872&idx=1&sn=1b16d7f62f77ec12ca2b664695f4c880&scene=21#wechat_redirect" formlinkparm=""https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzA5MjMzOTY4Mw==&mid=2653038872&idx=1&sn=1b16d7f62f77ec12ca2b664695f4c880&scene=21#wechat_redirect"" href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzA5MjMzOTY4Mw==&mid=2653038872&idx=1&sn=1b16d7f62f77ec12ca2b664695f4c880&scene=21#wechat_redirect" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us" data-linktype="2"><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" opera-tn-ra-link-data=""https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/Cpde6dr4O4TncdFm7jT3wQ""><section style="font-size: 14px;text-align: center;line-height: 1.5;letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(79, 176, 167);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">假冒的人类始祖</p></section></section></a><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.9466667" data-src="https://2-im.guokr.com/mxby7OCy9c3VPywTW75-R3HnJA93qpx3H6PUX0-TyE7uAgAAxgIAAEpQ.jpg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="750" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;" src="https://2-im.guokr.com/mxby7OCy9c3VPywTW75-R3HnJA93qpx3H6PUX0-TyE7uAgAAxgIAAEpQ.jpg?imageView2/1/w/555/h/525" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"></section></section><section style="text-align: right;color: rgba(122, 122, 122, 0.89);font-size: 12px;line-height: 2;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">本文来自物种日历，欢迎转发</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">如需转载请联系GuokrPac@guokr.com<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"></p></section></section><p><br></p>
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更新于：2021年7月11日

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